Automated installation
From Wikitech
- To import GPG key for yum in FC3:
- apt-get install /usr/share/rhn/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora
- GPG key for Fedora Extras:
- upgrades page: http://www.brandonhutchinson.com/Upgrading_Red_Hat_Linux_with_yum.html
- note that dag's repos are incompatible with fedora extras
Contents |
kickstart installation
Kickstart installation for Debian core is for [semi-]automated installation of the operating system. A DHCP server and a TFTP server are required, as well as some media or server(s) for the target machine to fetch a kickstart configuration file, software packages, etc from. Within Wikimedia, DHCP, TFTPD, and web servers are used - in Florida, dhcpd, tftp-server and lighttpd are installed for this on rabanus.
When a machine tries to netboot, it broadcasts a request which the DHCP server answers, assigning an IP address, netmask, etc and telling the IP address of a TFTP server and the filename of a PXELINUX bootstrap loader to be fetched from it - e.g. in Template:Filename for ariel, the TFTP server has IP 10.0.0.15 and the file to fetch is Template:Filename - this is commented out usually, so that the default (nonexistent) file is requested, and the server fails over to booting from disk. Template:Box file
Once the bootloader is fetched, the client attempts to fetch a PXELINUX configuration file from Template:Filename. It attempts a series of filenames until one succeeds, sometimes beginning with a filename of the form Template:Filename where the final 6 pairs are the client NIC's MAC address. Then it tries its IP address in hexadecimal, then the same with the last character removed, then with the last two removed, down to a single character and finally trying Template:Filename.
in.tftpd[5151]: RRQ from 10.0.0.212 filename linux-install-32bit/pxelinux.0 in.tftpd[5152]: RRQ from 10.0.0.212 filename linux-install-32bit/pxelinux.cfg/01-00-30-48-73-55-53 in.tftpd[5152]: sending NAK (1, File not found) to 10.0.0.212 in.tftpd[5153]: RRQ from 10.0.0.212 filename linux-install-32bit/pxelinux.cfg/0A0000D4 in.tftpd[5154]: RRQ from 10.0.0.212 filename linux-install-32bit/fc3-i386-vmlinuz in.tftpd[5155]: RRQ from 10.0.0.212 filename linux-install-32bit/fc3-i386-initrd.img
to be continued...
notes
- tftp server started on demand by xinetd - enable it by setting disable = no in Template:Filename
- docs at http://www.redhat.com/docs/manuals/linux/RHL-9-Manual/custom-guide/ch-kickstart2.html
- some additional capabilities added since Redhat 9, e.g. installation using VNC
- if the installer stops, asking you which NIC to install through, add ksdevice=eth0 to the boot args in Template:Filename
see also
- https://www.redhat.com/archives/kickstart-list/2005-September/msg00058.html - useful links
- http://www.slac.stanford.edu/~alfw/PXE-Kickstart/PXE-Kickstart.html
- http://www.redhat.com/docs/manuals/enterprise/RHEL-4-Manual/sysadmin-guide/
- kickstart options for RHEL4: [1]
- http://www.redhat.com/docs/manuals/enterprise/RHEL-4-Manual/x8664-multi-install-guide/
- http://www.linuxdevcenter.com/lpt/a/5077
- http://www.linuxdevcenter.com/lpt/a/5296
anaconda options
taken from [2]:
Boot time command args:
-----------------------
expert Turns on special features:
- allows partitioning of removable media
- prompts for driver disk
noshell Do not put a shell on tty2 during install.
lowres Force GUI installer to run at 640x480.
resolution=<mode> Run installer in mode specified, '1024x768' for example.
nousb Do not load USB support (helps if install hangs
early sometimes).
nofb Do not load the VGA16 framebuffer required for doing
text-mode installation in some languages
nofirewire Do not load support for firewire devices
askmethod Do not automatically use the CD-ROM as the install
source if we detect a Red Hat Linux CD in your CD-ROM drive.
nousbstorage Do not load usbstorage module in loader. May help with
device ordering on SCSI systems.
noparport Do not attempt to load support for parallel ports
noprobe Do not attempt to detect hw, prompts user instead.
nopcmcia Ignore PCMCIA controller in system.
skipddc Skips DDC probe of monitor, may help if its handing system.
graphical Force graphical install. Required to have ftp/http use GUI.
text Force text mode install.
vnc Enable vnc-based installation. You will need to connect
to the machine using a vnc client application.
vncpassword=<password> Enable a password for the vnc connection. This will
prevent someone from inadvertantly connecting to the
vnc-based installation.
Requires 'vnc' option to be specified as well.
vncconnect=<host>[:<port>] Once installation is up and running, connect to
the vnc client named <host>, and optionally use port <port>.
Requires 'vnc' option to be specified as well.
updates Prompt for floppy containing updates (bug fixes).
isa Prompt user for ISA devices configuration.
dd Use a driver disk.
driverdisk Same as 'dd'.
mediacheck Activates loader code to give user option of testing integrity
of install source (if an ISO-based method).
rescue Run rescue environment.
nomount Don't automatically mount any installed Linux partitions
in rescue mode.
nopass Don't pass keyboard/mouse info to stage 2 installer, good for
testing keyboard and mouse config screens in stage2 installer
during network installs.
serial Turns on serial console support.
ksdevice Takes an argument like 'eth0', tells install what network
device to use for kickstart from network.
ks Kickstart over NFS.
ks=cdrom: Kickstart from CDROM
ks=nfs:<path> Kickstart from NFS.
ks=<url> Kickstart via HTTP.
ks=hd:<dev> Kickstart via harddrive (dev = 'hda1', for example)
ks=file:<path> Kickstart from a file (path = 'fd0/ks.cfg')
ks=ftp://<path> Kickstart from FTP.
ks=http://<path> Kickstart from HTTP.
kssendmac Adds HTTP headers to ks=http:// request that can be helpful
for provisioning systems. Includes MAC address of all nics in
a CGI environment variable of the form
HTTP_X_RHN_PROVISIONING_0, HTTP_X_RHN_PROVISIONING_1, etc, for
all nics.
dhcpclass=<class> Sends a custom DHCP vendor class identifier. ISC's dhcpcd can
inspect this value using "option vendor-class-identifier".
upgradeany Don't require an /etc/redhat-release that matches the
expected syntax to upgrade.
lang=<lang> Language to use for the installation. This should be a
language which is valid to be used with the 'lang' kickstart
command.
keymap=<keymap> Keyboard layout to use. Valid values are those which can be
used for the 'keyboard' kickstart command.
ip=<ip> IP to use for a network installation, use 'dhcp' for DHCP.
netmask=<nm> Netmask to use for a network installation.
gateway=<gw> Gateway to use for a network installation.
dns=<dns> Comma separated list of nameservers to use for a network
installation.
method=nfs:<path> Use <path> for an NFS installation.
method=http://<path> Use <path> for an HTTP installation
method=ftp://<path> Use <path> for an FTP installation
method=hd://<dev>/<path> Use <path> on <dev> for a hard drive installation
method=cdrom Do a CDROM based installation.
vnc Do graphical installation via VNC. Instead of
starting a normal X server, vncserver will be started
and you can then connect remotely to do the
installation.
vncpassword=<password> Set a password for the vnc session.
vncconnect=<host>[:<port>] Once installation is up and running, connect to
the vnc client named <host>, and optionally, on port <port>.
Requires 'vnc' option to be specified as well.
and undocumented ones:
test debug Start up pdb immediately nofallback If GUI fails exit rootpath= Where to install packages (default /mnt/sysimage) pcic= Specify pcmcia controller overhead= Override LVM overhead calculation testpath= mountfs traceonly Don't run, just list modules we use kickstart= Set serial install and kickstart file kbdtype= Set the type of keyboard module= Load additional kernel modules class= Choose install class to use autostep Make kickstart non-interactive noselinux Disable Security Enhanced Linux selinux Enable Security Enhanced Linux vnc= cmdline Use command line installer headless Automate install for machines with no display virtpconsole= xfs Allows the creation of a xfs filesystem reiserfs Allows the creation of a reiserfs filesystem jfs Allows the creation of a jfs filesystem syslogd
kickstart setup for srv31-50 as of 2005-09-19
By uncommenting an entry in rabanus:/etc/dhcpd.conf, restarting its dhcpd and rebooting a machine, you can make it reinstall FC3 and automatically set up the following:
- make mount points and put NFS mounts in Template:Filename
- root's Template:Filename
- Template:Filename according to Tim's recommendation
- yum repositories in Template:Filename
- put ttyS0 in Template:Filename
- alter Template:Filename to run an agetty on ttyS0 if necessary
- LDAP
- remote syslogging to larousse and zwinger
- Template:Filename
- noatime,notail on reiserfs partitions
- remove unused services
After rebooting after OS installation, it will:
- copy host keys back in to Template:Filename, or back them up to Template:Filename if not already backed-up
- do a yum update
- copy some files into Template:Filename - see Template:Filename
Links
Fedora
- http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/BootPrompt-HOWTO.html - boot-time kernel params
- http://fedora.redhat.com/docs/
- http://fedoralegacy.org/
- http://www.fedora.us/wiki/FedoraMirrorList
- http://fedora.redhat.com/download/
- http://fedora.redhat.com/download/mirrors.html
